Pump or motor.



F. RBAUGH.

PUMP on MOTOR.

APPLICATION IILBD APR.18.1910, 1,191,329, Patented June 23,1914.

2 SHEET$SHEBT I.

ATTORNEYS Patented J mm 23, 1914.

Pi REAUGH PUMP OR MUE'UE,

APPLIOATIQN rum APR. 13.

ATTORNEYS UNI ED STATES PATENT oFFIcE.

FRANK REAUGH, or DALLAS, TEXAS.

PUMP 0R Moron.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented J ine 23,1914.

Original application filed March 2, 1905,, Serial No. 248,054. Divided and'this application filed'April 18,

1910. Serial No. 556,026.

vTo all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK REAUcH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Dallas, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas, have invented a new and Improved Pump or Motor, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

Thisinvention relates to certain-improvements in'that type of mechanism adapted for use in! propelling or compressing fluids or in deriving power from theenergy of a movingor expanding fluid;-that to say,

a type of device adapted foruse as a pump,

a motor, a compressor or an engine, de-

1 L5; pendentupon the character of the work to be don'eandthe character of the source of power. My improved device is of the rotary type.

The main objects of the invention are: first, to bring about a perfect balance of all of the movingparts, so that there be no unbalanced eccentric movement and free rotation may be secured; second, to eliminate all reciprocating parts and valves; third, to eliminate all heavy friction from nonworking pressure; fourth, to render the de-' .vice as compactas possible relative to its capacity; and, fifth, to provide a free and direct passage for the mov ng medium. This application is a division of my prior application, Serial No. 248,054, filed March ,2, 1905, and =thepresent construction is distinguished from that now claimed n saidv application, by the relative disposition of the individual axes of rotation of the pis-' tons in respect to the axis about which they axis about which the pistons'have bodily movement.

, Reference is to be had to the accompanyingdrawings, formin a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures, and in 'which- Figurel is a-longitudinal section through j i an apparatus constructed in accordance with my invention, the section being taken at right anglesto the axes Iof'rotation, Fig. 2

is a sectiontakenfon the line 2'@ of Fig. 1; '3 is a'section taken, on the line 3--3 Figl of ig 2;-Fig-. 4 is a side elevation of a second form in which: no central shaft is employed; and Fig. 5 is a section taken o'n-the line 55 of Fig. 4. I V

In the specific form illustrated in Figs.- 1, 2 and 3, (I provide a casing havin an outer curved wall. C, an end Wall E.an' an inner core C/r', iall of which are rigid in'respect to each other. The stationary shaft section B rigidly joints the core Or to the end wall E and the core Cr, in turn, supports-the second stationary shaft section B. The said stationary shaft'sections B and B are concen trio with the central axis of the machine A, while the core Or is eccentricdn respect to said axis A and also to the outer curved wall of the casing C. An annular passage surrounds the core Cr having a contracted portion T, and an opposite enlarged portionU, the centers of which are equidistant from the central axis A. The enlarged portion U serves as a main passage through which the moving medium flows, while the contracted portion, or throat T, serves as a return passage for the pistons. The curves of said passage at the throat T are arcs of circles having centers at central axis A; elsewhere, the curves inclosing said passage are such as are described, or generated by a point on a body (which in this case is'the extreme edge of the piston) revolving around the central axis A and simultaneously rotating on its own axis once during twoflof its said revolutions and in a reverse direction thereto; the axes being parallel andflthe motions,

continuous; the outer resulting curve being the interior form of the outer wall C, and the inner resulting curve, or loop, being the outer form'of the core (17' of the casing. Two openings or ports 0, O, for'inlet and outlet to the passage are provided on opposite sides of the portion U0 The peculiar form of this casing, with the relation of its .outer curved walls and those of its integral,

eccentrically placed corelis'best shown in Figs. 1 and 4.

Revolubly mountedwithin the outer wall C and concentric with the axis 'A,. is.the piston bearing frame 'DFD", .consisting'of. the two disks D and D having bearings on the stationary shaft sections '13 and B respectively, and being rigidly connected to each other by the portions'ofv the circular flange F. The disk D is recessed, or Ietinto the end wall E,s0 that its inner surface is .fiu sh with that of the remainder ofthe said end wall and a running fitto the end of the cothe portions of the flange F centric core C1. The opposite disk D is similarly placed in respect to adjacent parts. The radii of the curvatures of the inner and outer sides of the circular flange F are such that its portions pass through the throat T as a running fit. The pistons P, P are mounted to rotate within the spaces between and are equally distant radially, from the axis A with said flange. In section, each piston is substantially in the form of a flattened rhombus having the obtuse angles rounded. As is shown in Figs. 1 and 4, the'rounded center of the piston is a short are of 'a' circle of a diameter equal to the thickness of the flange F, therefore, the pistons will pass their thin way, or edgewise through the throat T as a running fit, while their width is.a running fit radial to the enlarged portion of the passage U and their. length is a similar. fit between the ends of the casing.- From the squared ends of the pistons extend the shaft sections S, S and S, S, which have bearings in the disks D and D, respectively.

Immediately outside of the disk D and rigid therewith, is shown a gear ease GC. The periphery of this gear case may be adapted for a pulley, or it maybe keyed to a shaft at A for the transmission of power to or from the machine. As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, said gear casing is keyed to a rotatable shaft at A, which passes through hollows in the stationary shaft sections B and B. lVithin the gear casing GC and at the outer side of the disk D arethe gears G and G, rigidly mounted on the outerends of the shaft sections S and S, respectively. Mounted rotatably on the stub'sha'fts G and G are the intermediate gears G and.G, which mesh with the gears G and G, re-

spectively. The gears G, G also mesh with the stationary pinion G, which is rigidly mounted on the stationary shaft section B.

\Vhenthe piston bearing frame 'DFD revolves, the gears G, G and G, G revolve there:

with, a nd the gears G, G by meshing with the sflzftionary pinion G are rolled around said pinion and thus are rotated on their own axes, and by meshing with the gears G, G impart to them also and to the pistons connected therewith, a rotary motion, but in an opposite direction. The pinion G has half the number of teeth that'the gears G anChGjeacli have and therefore will impart to said-f-gea'rs and the connected pistons one half ofa'rotation ontheir own axes during one IQVOlll ion of samcaround the axis A.-

t The e'fi'ect hf the intermediate gears G, G

is merely to reversethe direction of rotation.. Since the pistons thus=turn one-quarter way around on their own axes during one half of a revolution aroundthe central axis A, they will assume relatively, right angled positions at opposite points in their revolution orbit, and therefore if set to pass ed'gewise through the throat T, they will pass broadwise through the enlarged portion of passage U, as is shown in Fig. 1, and as said pistons alternately close the passage U between the two ports 0, 0, they either impart motion to, or receive motion from the moving medium, while the throat T is continuously closedby the pistons and the intervening flange portions alternately passing therethrough.

Instead of having a central drivin shaft extending through the casing as in t e specific form illustrated in Figs. 1 2 and 3, I may mount a shaft eceentrically and out side, as indicated in Figs. 4 and 5. In this form, I construct the casing C, the core '01-, the flange F and the pistons P", of substantially the same form as in the construction above described. A shaft X is. mounted in a suitable bearin at one end of the casing and carries a wieel VV'having cam grooves V extending diametrically thereacross at right angles to each other. Instead of providing gear wheels, each. iston at its end is provided'with a cam K shdable M within its corresponding groove V. The point of intersection of the two rooves is in alinement with the axis ofthe s aft X, and also in alinement with theaxis of the piston when the latter' is in its intermediate position within the throat. The istons are carried by.the two disks of the plston-carrying frames D and D and these rotate about a common center A, which is out of alinement with the 'axis, of the shaft X. Thus as the shaft X and the wheel W are rotated, the engagement of the blocks K within the grooves V causes the disks, D and D to rotate and causes the pistons to rotate in their own axes. The 'motion 10 ofthe pistonsand curved flange is exactly the same as in the form illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, except that slidin blocks and cam grooves are substituted for the gear wheels of the form first described. It is 1 evident that one operating mechanism is the equivalent in many respects of the other, and that various other mechanisms might be employed for securing the same result.

Considering straight lines drawn simi- 11 larly through the centers of the pistons in several positions in this device asradii vectores, it will be seen that they generate from the circle on which they revolve, a Cartesian curve of the fourth class, i. e., a cruno- 12 dal limacon. Machines have been con-- structcd with a cardioid form of easing, which is a curve of the third class, but I belicve that in' the device herein described, the limacon with its loop curve is used in prac- 12; tir'al mechanics for the first time. The difference in the mechanism between this and the cardioidal form of nun-hine is radical in that the stationary core, which rcpresents the loop of the curve, firstly, takes 131 the backpressure, relievin the pistons and bearin of strain, second allows the use ofm. p urality ot pistons, and a consequent large increase in capacity .relative to size" of machine, and thirdly, of a more substantial construction. 1

Though either the casing or the pistonbearing frame may ,revolve relative to the other with similar results, it is preferred in this constmction, that the casing be :made stationary and the frame the revolving member.

Various changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of the partswithout departing from the scope of my invention. a

Having thus described my invention, I

claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent: I i

1. The combination of a casing having an integral core and inlet and outlet ports, and pistons mounted to revolve within the. casing andesimultaneously to continuously rotate on their own axes.

2. ,A-casing having inlet and outlet ports, a stationary core integral with the casing, pistons mounted. to revolve within thecas- =1ng, and means to continuously rotate the (pistons on their own axes simultaneously with their said revolution. 3. A casing having inlet-and outlet ports, a core stationary with the casing and eccentrically located therein, and pistons mounted to revolve through'the casing around the core thereof and simultaneously to continuously rotate on their own axes.

4. The combination of a casing having inlet and outlet ports and a stahonary core, and a piston mounted to continuously rotate within the casing, the casing and the piston having a relatively revolutionary movement simultaneously with the rotary movement of the piston. I

5. A casinghaving a' core stationary therewith and inlet and outlet ports, a. frame mounted to revolve within the casing, and/ pistons mounted on the frame to revolve therewith and simultaneously to continuously rotate on their own axes.

6. A casing havinginlet and outlet ports,

a stationary core integral with the casing,

and pistons mountedto revolve within the c'riZSing and simultaneously to continuously rotate on their own axes-at one half the speed of their said revolution.

7. .The combination of a casin having inlet and outlet ports, a core wit in the easing stationary therewith, and pistons mounted to revolve within the casing, and simultaneously to continuously rotate (in their own axes in a reverse direction to their said revolution.

8. Av casing having a core stationary therewith and inlet and outlet-ports, "and continuously rotating pistons within the casing,the casing and the pisttfns being in runnin contact with each-other and having relative y revolutionarymovement.

9. vAn annular casing'having' an integral core eccentrically located'the'reim and inlet and outlet ports, and pist'ons mounted to revolve through the casin arou'nd the core thereof and simultaneously 'to"continuously 'rotate on their ownaxes at one half the speed 'of said revolution. a;

10. The combination of an annular casing having a stationary core and inlet and outlet ports, and pistons"mounted to revolve within the 'casing'aand' simultaneously to continuously rotate on their'own axes at half thespeed of saidre'volutioman d in an opposite direction thereto.

11. An annular casing'having inlet and outlet ports and an integral co're; an annular passage of varying "diniensioiiuuthin the .casing andpistons mounted to move forward through the passage" and to simultaneouslytcontinuously rotate on their own axes.

12. An annular casing hav'ing anQccentrieally located integral 'core and inlet and outlet ports, a piston bearing frame mounted to revolve within the casing, and pistons mounted on said frame to revolve therewith through the ca'sing and' simultaneously to continuously rotate on their own axes.

13. The combination of'an annular casing having an eccentrically located integral core and inlet and outlet ports, pistons within the casing, and means to revolve said pistons through the'casing around the'core thereof and simultaneously to continuously rotate said pistons on their own axes.

14. An annular 'casing having inlet and outlet p01ts,the integral core of said casing being eccentrically located therein, a piston bearing frame within thecasing, said casing and frame having relatively revolutionary movement,- and pistons mounted on the frame to continuously rotate simultaneously with said revolution; i

15. An annular casing having-an integral,

eccentrically located corea' nd inlet and outlet ports, a frame having ii circular flange as an integral part thereof mounted to re volve within the casing, and pistons mounted within openings in theiflangeto continuously rotate therein simultaneously with their revolution'therewith- 16. 'lhecombinat-ion of a annals? casing having an integral coiean inlet and outlet ports, a'flangc -mounted to revolve within the casing, and a piston mounted within an opening in' the flange to revolve therewith andsimultaneouslyto continuoilsly rotate on its own axis/in afrevrs direction to said revoli ltion; f a

' 17. Anannularcasing h'aving integral, eccentrically located core and inlet and outin the casing, pistons mounted within openings in the flange to revolve therewith, and

their own axes once simultaneously with two ,of pistons and means for revolutions with the flange.

18. An annular casing having a stationary core therein, a passage of varying dimension surrounding the core, and two or Int-8 pistons mounted to revolve through the passage and simultaneously to rotate on their own axes at a definite speed relative to their said revolution.

19. The Combination of a casing whose curves are approximately those of a Cartesian curve with a loop, and pistons mounted to move therethrough 1n the position of vec tores of said curve.

20. A casing having a passage therein of va'rying interior dimension the curves of whose inner and outer walls at its narrowest part are short arcs of circles, and elsewhere are those of a Cartesian curve of the fourth class, and pistons mounted to revolve through the said passage and to simultaneously so rotate on their own axes as to move edgewise through the narrowest part of said passage and to move broadwise through the op osite part thereof.

21. 'casin the curves of whose inner and outer walfi are approximately those of a crunodal limaeon and its loop, and a piston mounted to so move within said casing that its edges generate a crunodal limagon and its loop.

22. The combination of a casing the curves of whose outer walls are approximately those of a limacon, and the position and curves of whose core are approximately those of the loop of said limagon, and a plurality of pistons through the casing in running contact with both the casing and the core.

23. In a amp, the combination with 'a casing whic contains a, pum ing chamber whose innerand outer walls ie in a figure of approximately crunodal limagon form, moving them throughisaid chamber and at the same time about their axes so that when one of them the one opposite it is at the widest art of the chamber the planes in which tiey lie will be at right angles to each' other.

mounted to move.

is at the narrowest part of said vhamber and.

being approximately in being essentially limaeon, and piswithin the casing stationary core thereof those of the loop of said tons mounted to revolve around the core thereof.

26. An annular casing of essentiall limagon form having an integral core of essentially the-form and location of the limagon loop, and istons mounted to revolve around the loop hereof and simultaneously to continuously rotate on their own axes.

27. An annular casing of essentially crunodal limacon form having inlet and outlet ports and a core of'essentially the form and location of the limacon loop, and continuously rotating pistons within the casin the casing and the pistons having relatively revolutionary movement.

28. The combination with a casing having inlet and outlet ports of an integral core.

arranged' to (produce a passage within the casing aroun the core, and pistons mounted to revolve through the passage, the inner and outer walls of said passage being parts. of a crunodal limagon curve varied to accommodate the thickness of the piston.

29. thereof stationary therewith, the curves of said casing and core being respectively similar to a lnnagon and its 100 mounted to revolve throug around the core thereof and to continuously rotate on their own axes at one half the speed of said revolution and in an opposite direction thereto.

30. An annular casing having inlet and outlet ports, the outer shell of said casing the form of a limegon and the stationary core thereof approximately in the form of the loop of the limagon a circular revolving flange within the casing, and pistons mounted within openings in the flange to revolve therewith through the casing around the core thereof and simultaneously to continuously rotate on their own axes 31. A pump or motor having a casing of annular interior form the curves which are those of two similar crunodal limaqon's lying side hy side. the interval between the origins of said limaqons being determined by the thickness of the pistons of said pump or motor, the left side of the left hand limagun giving the left vside of the (using and the right side of the loop of this limaeon giving the right side of the core of the casing, while the right side of the right hand limacon and the left side of its loop give respectively the right side of the casing and the left side of its core, one result of this construction being an opening adjacent to the the casing and pistons simultaneously Ill Ill

origins of said limaqons which serves as a return throat for the pistons mentioned.

3-). casing having interior curves in conformity with portions of those of two crunodal limacons and their loops, lying side by side, overlapping and having the i is left at the crunodes for the return passame bi-tangent, the distance between the sage for the piston mentioned.

origins being fixed by the thickness of a In testimony whereof I have signed my piston which is located within the casing, name to this specification in the presence of 5 and the portions of the said geometrical two subscribing Witnesses.

curves to which the casing curves conform Y 1 being the outermost lines of the limaeons for REAUGH' the outer shell of the casing and the inner- W'itnesses:

most lines of the 100 s for the stationary C. E. HARRELL,

10 core of said casing, w ereby an open space A. F. SPILMAN. 

